Brain metastases represent the most common malignant brain tumors in adults, with lung cancer being the leading primary tumor entity. Both non-small cell and small cell lung cancer show a high propensity for brain dissemination, and therapeutic options remain limited due to poor drug penetration into the brain and a lack of representative preclinical models.

This project establishes and systematically characterizes patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from brain metastases of non-small cell and small cell lung cancer. Histopathological and molecular analyses are used to confirm that the organoids recapitulate key features of their corresponding tumors. The resulting models serve as a platform for functional drug testing, including standard chemotherapies, mutation-guided targeted therapies, and novel approaches such as antibody–drug conjugates and nanobody-based therapeutics. This study provides a foundation for using PDOs to personalize therapy and improve treatment strategies for patients with brain metastases from lung cancer.